Compare Mayotte (2008) - Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2005)

Compare Mayotte (2008) z Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2005)

	Mayotte (2008)	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 45.8% (male 48,016/female 47,533) 15-64 years: 52.5% (male 59,111/female 50,437) 65 years and over: 1.8% (male 1,864/female 1,822) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products
Airports	1 (2007)	5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
Area - comparative	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.
Birth rate	40.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $420 million expenditures: $394 million (2005)	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital	name: Mamoudzou geographic coordinates: 12 46 S, 45 13 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Stanley
Climate	tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
Coastline	185.2 km	1,288 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Death rate	7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	departmental collectivity of France	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	claimed by Comoros	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied the islands by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks
Economic aid - recipient	$201.3 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (2005)	$0 (1997 est.)
Economy - overview	Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.
Electricity - consumption	139.2 million kWh (2005)	17.72 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	19.06 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Environment - current issues	NA	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster
Ethnic groups	NA	British
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Said Omar OILI (since 8 April 2004) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term; next election to be held in 2010	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
Exports	$6.5 million f.o.b. (2005)	NA
Exports - commodities	ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon	wool, hides, meat
Exports - partners	France 43%, Comoros 36%, Reunion 15% (2006)	Spain 77.4%, UK 9.4%, US 4.9% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	unofficial, local flag with the coat of arms of Mayotte centered on a white field, above which the name of the island appears in red capital letters; the main elements of the coat of arms, flanked on either side by a seahorse, appear above a scroll with the motto RA HACHIRI (We are Vigilant); the only official flag is the national flag of France	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	12 50 S, 45 10 E	51 45 S, 59 00 W
Geography - note	part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season
Highways	-	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$341 million f.o.b.; note - excludes petroleum imports (2005)	NA
Imports - commodities	food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing
Imports - partners	France 49%, Seychelles 8.8%, China 4.1%, South Africa 2.8% (2006)	UK 63.2%, Spain 30.3%, France 3.6% (2004)
Independence	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction	fish and wool processing; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 59.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 65.33 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.7% (2005)	3.6% (1998)
International organization participation	InOC, UPU	ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	44,560 (2002)	1,100 (est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: NA% permanent crops: NA% other: NA%	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2001)
Languages	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population	English
Legal system	the laws of France, where applicable, apply	English common law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - MDM 23.3%, UMP 22.8%, PS 10.2%, MRC 8.9%, FRAP 6.5%, MPM 1.2%, other 27.1%; seats by party - MDM 6, UMP 9, MRC 2, MPM 1, diverse left 1 note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held in September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.1%, UDF 44.9%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 62.16 years male: 59.94 years female: 64.45 years (2007 est.)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA	-
Location	Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina
Map references	Africa	South America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France; a small contingent of French forces is stationed on the island	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	-	no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island
Natural hazards	cyclones during rainy season	strong winds persist throughout the year
Natural resources	NEGL	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss
Net migration rate	3.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or UMP-RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS [Ibrahim ABUBACAR] (local branch of French Parti Socialiste); Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	208,783 (July 2007 est.)	2,967 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	3.617% (2007 est.)	2.44% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Stanley
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) 3%	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.172 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.023 male(s)/female total population: 1.092 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
Telephones - main lines in use	10,000 (2002)	2,400 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	48,100 (2005)	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	3 (2001)	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
Terrain	generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Total fertility rate	5.69 children born/woman (2007 est.)	NA children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	25.4% (2005)	full employment; labor shortage (2001)

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